Ramms:: avalanche model is used to simulate avalanche in complex terrain. The model has been widely used in avalanche hazard studies in Switzerland. The ramms:: avalanche model combines state-of-the-art digital solutions with helpful input features and friendly visualization tools. Many of the input and output features are optimized, enabling users to easily modify dangerous scenarios and control simulation results. The core of the program is an effective second-order numerical solution, that is, the depth averaged avalanche dynamic equation. In the 3D digital terrain model, the velocity and velocity of avalanche are calculated. Using the GIS type drawing feature, you can easily specify a single or multiple publishing areas. Users can get useful overview information about the simulation, including important information about the release area (average slope, total capacity), traffic behavior (maximum flow and height), and stop behavior (mass flow). Maps and remote sensing images can be superimposed on terrain models to help determine input conditions and calibrate models based on known events. The ramms:: avalanche model has been used in more than 70 places around the world, and the software has been successfully applied to high mountain areas such as the Alps, Himalayas, Andes, Rockies, tatare and other areas.

Class model, as the "second generation" surface model that people need, was developed for Canadian GCM in the late 1980s. The model will fully deal with the effects of vegetation, snow cover and soil on the heat and temperature of the atmosphere. Various land surface parameterization schemes are compared in international projects. The class model is tested in the coupling model with GCM and various experiments with pilps. In such an operating environment, class is proved to perform quite well.

The UNMIX model is a mathematical receptor model developed by scientists from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It provides scientific support for the development and review of air and water quality standards, exposure studies and environmental forensics. UNMIX can analyze a wide range of environmental sample data: sediment, wet deposition, surface water, ambient air and indoor air.

Anuga hydrodynamic modeling tool can build complex 2D hydrodynamic model. For example, simulate the fracture of a dam or the impact of natural disasters such as storms and tsunamis. A research area must be designated as a triangular unit, if applicable, to determine topography and bathymetric measurements, friction, initial water level values (Anuga referred to as the first stage), boundary conditions and forces such as rainfall, river flow, wind stress and pressure gradient networks. Anuga simulated the evolution of water depth and horizontal momentum with time in each element by solving the shallow water wave equation and using the finite volume method.