Ceres crop simulation model is one of the most widely used crop models in the world. Since the early 1970s, under the leadership of USDA-ARS (Agricultural Research Bureau of the U.S. Department of Agriculture), led by T.J. Ritchie, a professor at Michigan State University, organized dozens of scientists in agronomy, physiology, soil, meteorology, hydrology and computer science. After several years of research, the CERES-Wheat 1.0 simulation model was launched in the mid-1970s. In this model, the effects of genetic characteristics, weather and soil properties on crop growth and yield were considered. Subsequently, Ceres maize 1.0 simulation model was established. After more than ten years of testing, improvement and development, CERES-Wheat version 2.0 and Ceres maize version 2.0 have been formed,
